This book presents the selected papers from the 1st International Conference of Lignocellulose, held as a virtual conference in Bogor, Indonesia, on September 13—14, 2021. The papers include contributions from researchers, scientists, academia, and practitioners covering topics from the field of biomass conversion, bio-based smart materials, forest, and environment, enhancing mitigation for climate change, radar and atmospheric science, and socio-economy in sustainable development goals. This event was organized by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Alumni Association of Indonesia in collaboration with Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia.