This book is an introduction to the thermomechanical theory required to conduct research and pursue application of shock physics in solid materials. It is the first textbook devoted entirely to shock physics of solid materials. Emphasis is on a regime where solids can be described as elastoplastic materials. The main text is complemented with numerous exercises and solutions. The book itself falls naturally into four parts, with a first part exposing the principles of both continuum mechanics and plane longitudinal shocks. The following four chapters treat various aspects of materials response. The third part of the book deals with linear and nonlinear wave propagation in such media and the fourth part introduces a number of advanced topics, such as porous solids, spall fracture and the detonation phenomenon. This book provides a reference and tutorial for an interdisciplinary field with applications ranging from astrophysics and geophysics to materials science, aeronautics, and semiconductors.