This book explores the increasing difficulty of securing foundational systems that modern society relies upon. With nineteen chapters, coverage includes the application of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and advanced cryptographic methods within critical sectors, including healthcare, smart cities, financial technology, industrial IoT, and vehicle-to-vehicle communication networks. Subject matter includes threat intelligence, intrusion detection, post-quantum cryptography, privacy-preserving computation, and cybersecurity governance, providing readers with both theoretical foundations and applied technical methodologies.

Beyond technical methodologies, this book addresses the institutional, regulatory, and policy environments that govern security practice. Individual chapters cover explainable artificial intelligence in security decision-making. It also covers Federated Learning in smart city infrastructures, homomorphic encryption in financial systems, and Fuzzy Logic-based detection in wireless body area networks, linking technical analysis to its operational and legislative contexts.

This book also addresses anticipated developments in post-quantum cryptography for resource-constrained environments, large language model-assisted intrusion detection, and deep learning applications in medical image security.  Researchers, graduate students, security practitioners, and policymakers working in critical infrastructure protection will find this book useful as a reference.

Abdulatif Alabdulatif is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, holding a Ph.Abdulatif Alabdulatif is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, holding a Ph.D. and Master of Information Security from RMIT University, Australia, and a Bachelor of Computer Science from Qassim University. His research interests encompass privacy-preserving computing, homomorphic encryption, federated learning, blockchain security, and secure systems for healthcare and Internet of Things environments, with over 100 peer-reviewed papers published in leading international venues, including IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Communications Magazine, and Scientific Reports. His scholarly work extends to several edited volumes and book chapters with Springer, Elsevier, and CRC Press. A Senior Member of the IEEE, his contributions span both foundational theory and applied security research.

Prof. Dr. Mourade Azrour received his PhD from Faculty of sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Morocco. He has received his MS in computer and distributed systems from Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zouhr University, Agadir, Morocco in 2014. Mourade currently works at the Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University of Meknès. His research interests include Internet of things, Smart Systems, Machine Learning, Environmental studies and so ones. Mourade is member of the member of the scientific committee of numerous international conferences. He is also a reviewer of various scientific journals. He has published more than 200 scientific papers and book chapters.