This book describes validated outcome measures for multiple sclerosis population internationally. Based on rigorous systematic reviews of about 20.000 scientific articles, the authors present assessment tools for different clinical uses in health sciences following parameters of validity, reliability, and responsiveness.

It is important for the development of clinical practice and research that practical and appropriate measures are universally accepted; this would allow comparisons and meta-analysis of high quality randomized controlled trials of people with this ever-increasing injury.

This book emphasizes the need for consensus among researchers as to which tool must be studied in depth or adapted to other national contexts, as well as which measurement instrument should be standardized in its use in order to develop universal norms and standards for the performance of people with multiple sclerosis.

It will be a practice-oriented tool for rehabilitation professionals and medical doctors as well as a valid and reliable support for researchers to assess comparable clinical trials. 

Giovanni Galeoto received his bachelor’s degree in Physiotherapy and his master’s degree in Rehabilitation Health Professions at Sapienza University of Rome. He also obtained a Master's Degree in Epidemiology and Biostatistics. He holds three doctoral degrees and is currently an Assistant Professor (RTT) at the Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, and Head of the Rehabilitation, Evidence and Development (RES) Research Group. His main research interests include epidemiology, neurological and musculoskeletal rehabilitation, psychometrics, and the validation of outcome measures. He is the author or co-author of more than 247 peer-reviewed scientific publications and serves on the editorial boards of scientific journals.

Anna Berardi graduated in Occupational Therapy in 2014 at Sapienza University of Rome and obtained her master’s degree in Rehabilitation Sciences in 2017 at the same university. She holds two doctoral degrees and is currently a Research Fellow at the Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, where she is a member of the Rehabilitation, Evidence and Development (RES) Research Group. Her research focuses on outcome measurement, psychometric validation, evidence-based rehabilitation, and assistive technologies and rehabilitation devices. She is the author or co-author of more than 173 peer-reviewed scientific publications and serves as editor and reviewer for scientific journals.

Emanuele Amadio graduated in Physiotherapy from UniCamillus University in 2022. In 2024, he obtained a master’s degree in Musculoskeletal and Rheumatologic Physiotherapy at Sapienza University of Rome. He developed a strong interest in musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation. He currently collaborates with the Rehabilitation, Evidence and Development Research Group “RES” at the Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome. Alongside his research activity, he works as a physiotherapist specializing in musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation. He is the author or co-author of 15 peer-reviewed scientific publications.

Marco Tofani graduated in Psycho and Neurodevelopmental Therapy and Occupational Therapy at Sapienza University of Rome and obtained an MSc in Rehabilitation Sciences for Health Professions. He specialized in Neurorehabilitation and earned a first level Master’s degree in Hand Therapy at the University of Milan. He has worked in clinical practice, research, and education in Italy and internationally, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries. He is currently Assistant Professor (RTT) at the Department of Life Sciences, Health and Healthcare Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy. He has authored more than 147 peer-reviewed publications and serves on the Guest Editorial Board of Occupational Therapy International and the Editorial Board of the Journal of Advanced Health Care.

Antonella Conte graduated in Medicine and Surgery at Sapienza University of Rome, where she also completed her specialization in Neurology and obtained her PhD. She is currently Associate Professor of Neurology at the Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Director of the bachelor’s degree Programme in Occupational Therapy, and teaches Neurology and Neurorehabilitation. Her research focuses on the physiological mechanisms underlying voluntary movement, sensorimotor integration, movement disorders, and clinical neurophysiology through the application of advanced neurophysiological techniques. She is the author or co-author of more than 294 peer-reviewed scientific publications.