{"product_id":"9783540138303","title":"Geodetic Refraction: Effects of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Through the Atmosphere","description":"\u003ch1\u003eGeodetic Refraction: Effects of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Through the Atmosphere\u003c\/h1\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBrunner, F.K.\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWith very few exceptions, geodetic measurements use electro­ magnetic radiation in order to measure directions, distances, time delays, and Doppler frequency shifts, to name the main ter­ restrial and space observables. Depending on the wavelength of the radiation and the purpose of the measurements, the follow­ ing parameters of the electromagnetic wave are measured: ampli­ tude, phase, angle-of-arrival, polarisation and frequency. Ac­ curate corrections have to be applied to the measurements in order to take into account the effects of the intervening medium between transmitter and receiver. The known solutions use at­ mospheric models, special observation programs, remote sensing techniques and instrumental methods. It has been shown that the effects of the earth's atmospheric envelope present a fundamental limitation to the accuracy and precision of geodetic measurements. This applies equally to ter­ restrial and space applications. Instrumental accuracies are al­ ready below the atmospherically induced limitations, and thus the accuracy demands on the geodetic refraction solutions are entering a new magnitude zone. This monograph is primarily devoted to the properties of the at­ mospheric effects on various geodetic measurements and to their evaluation. Ten review papers cover the most pressing aspects of the atmospheric effects on geodetic measurement~. Ttiese state­ of-the art papers were written by eminent specialists in their respective research fields.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eDetails\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublished by: Springer\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublication Date: 1984-11-01\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormat: Paperback\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eISBN-13: 9783540138303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDOI: 10.1007\/978-3-642-45583-4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDimensions: 244.0cm x170.0cm\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePages: 216.0\u003c\/p\u003e ","brand":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44422525026444,"sku":"9783540138303","price":98.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0710\/9545\/1788\/files\/9783540138303.jpg?v=1756269444","url":"https:\/\/fh90cf-fv.myshopify.com\/products\/9783540138303","provider":"Late Knight Books and Services, LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}