This volume collects papers based on talks given at the conference "Recent Advances in Harmonic Analysis and Partial Differential Equations," held at Baylor University in May 2025 in celebration of the career of Marius Mitrea. These papers highlight the emergence of tools and techniques in the areas of harmonic analysis and PDEs that have provided solutions to a number of longstanding open problems. The authors contributing to this book are world-class experts who have been at the forefront of many of the recent breakthroughs and advances in these areas. Recent Advances in Harmonic Analysis and Partial Differential Equations will be an invaluable resource for advanced graduate students and researchers in the areas of harmonic analysis, PDEs, operator theory, and spectral theory.