This book advances a new evaluation theory—Network-Informed Complex Evaluation—and presents a corresponding conceptual framework, methodological approaches, and applications of social network analysis for assessing complex health programs. Its primary purpose is to provide a structured, theory-driven integration of social network analysis into program evaluation, particularly within healthcare and public health. Rather than an introductory guide to social network analysis, this book demonstrates how network thinking can be systematically embedded within evaluation theory and practice.

Programs advancing health equity operate within dynamic, interconnected systems shaped by social, structural, and institutional forces. While various evaluation methods are available, there remains a critical need for innovative approaches capable of capturing these dynamics. Social network analysis has increasingly been applied to address such complexity; however, its application remains limited due to the lack of unified conceptual and methodological guidance. To meaningfully inform the evaluation of complex health programs, social network analysis must be conceptually grounded, methodologically rigorous, and aligned with multilevel social-ecological systems. This book addresses this gap by offering an accessible blueprint for integrating network-informed approaches into evaluation practice. It provides step-by-step guidance to help practitioners design and implement network-informed evaluations across individual, organizational, and system levels. Topics covered include:

• Foundations of Network-Informed Complex Evaluation Theory
• Context Assessment in Networked Systems
• Developing Program Theory Through a Network-Informed Lens
• Evaluation Design and Knowledge Production in Networked Contexts
• Implementing Network-Informed Complex Evaluation in Practice

Network-Informed Complex Evaluation is an essential resource for evaluation practitioners, public health professionals, intervention implementers, and researchers. It is primarily intended for evaluators seeking to integrate network analysis into the assessment of complex programs, particularly in healthcare and public health contexts. The book is also relevant to practitioners and researchers in other fields who aim to incorporate network-informed approaches into the evaluation of complex programs. It also serves as a supplementary text for graduate and professional courses in program evaluation, public health, social work, and related disciplines.

Lixin Zhang, PhD, is the Assistant Director of Research Evaluation at Case Western Reserve University and an alumna of the University of Minnesota in the United States. Her research integrates social network analysis, complexity theory, and systems thinking to advance the conceptual foundations and practical applications of program evaluation. She earned her PhD in Evaluation Studies from the University of Minnesota, where she developed the SNA–Evaluation Conceptual Framework, a theory-driven approach that integrates social network analysis into evaluation design, implementation, and interpretation. This framework advances evaluation methodology in complex, multi-stakeholder environments by repositioning social network analysis as a conceptual lens for examining relational structures, collaborative infrastructures, and systems-level change.

Dr. Zhang has designed and implemented mixed-method and network-informed approaches for federally and state-funded initiatives in public health, violence prevention, nutrition education, rural development, and translational science. Her work has been presented at international and national forums, including the United Nations Development Programme National Evaluation Capacities (NEC) Conference and the American Evaluation Association Conference, and published in peer-reviewed journals such as Frontiers in Public Health. With interdisciplinary training in nursing, human resource development, and evaluation science, she brings a complexity-oriented and human-centered perspective to her work. Through her publications, development of evaluation systems, and professional service, she remains committed to advancing evaluation methodology to address complex social and health challenges.