This comprehensive book provides the reader with broad perspectives and breadth of knowledge on current topics related to the use of proteomic strategies in cancer therapy, as well as anticipated challenges that may arise from its application in daily practice. It begins with the current technologies used in proteomics that allow for protein profiling and for the identification of druggable targets in human samples. The second part deals with the use proteomics in cell signaling. The third part of the book moves from signaling to actual clinical applications of proteomics in cancer therapy. Case studies in many tumor types are provided to show the feasibility of generating the critical information needed to individualization of therapy in cancer patients. The final part of the book provides in depth information on annotating the human proteome and the role of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in regulating the use of proteomics in cancer therapy.