This volume deals with the challenge of measuring the emotional atmospheres, climates and cultures that affect humans at different periods of time. Individual articles deal with the emotional climate in different prisons, communities, regions, and nations. Some examine how emotional climates affect our individual and collective behavior, and how climate is affected by terrorist attacks, genocide, and conditions of peace. Others relate emotional climate to the peacefulness of different cultures and the happiness of individuals.

Joseph de Rivera is Professor of Psychology and Director of the Peace Studies Program at Clark University. His publications include The Psychological Dimension of Foreign Policy, A Structural Theory of the Emotions, Field Theory as Human Science, and (with Ted Sarbin) Believed –in Imaginings.

Dario Paéz is Professor of Social Psychology at the University of the Basque Country in Spain. He has published numerous works on the mental health, collective memory and social identity of refuges, migrants and those exposed to traumatic events.