Traditionally, signal processing techniques lay at the foundation of multimedia data processing and analysis. In the past few years, a new wave of advanced signal-processing techniques has delivered exciting results, increasing systems capabilities of efficiently exchanging image data and extracting useful knowledge from them. This is an edited volume, written by well-recognized international researchers with extended chapter style versions of the best papers presented at the SITIS 2006 International Conference. This volume presents the state-of-the-art and recent research results on the application of advanced signal processing techniques for improving the value of image and video data. It introduces new results on video coding on time-honored topic of securing image information. The book is designed for a professional audience composed of practitioners and researchers in industry. It is also suitable for advanced-level students in computer science.